Intracoronary o^-Adrenergic Receptor Blockade Attenuates Ischemia in Conscious Dogs During Exercise

Studies on the role of a-adrenergic constrictor tone in the coronary vascular bed during ischemia were performed in dogs running on a treadmill. The animals were instrumented with a left ventricular pressure transducer, and regional systolic wall thickening (%WTh) was assessed by sonomicrometry in the anterior and posterior walls of the left ventricle. An intracoronary catheter was implanted chronically in the circumflex coronary artery, and a hydraulic cuff was placed proximally around the artery. After (3-adrenergic blockade with propranolol (0.8 mg/kg i.v.), acute stenosis of the coronary artery was performed during running in five dogs to induce severe regional myocardial dysfunction in the posterior wall. Intracoronary infusion of the selective a,-adrenergic blocking agent idazoxan (80 M-g/kg) improved %WTh in the ischemic region from 5.1 ± 1.6 to 10.8±2.8% (p<0.05), without any significant effect on the anterior wall. Blood flow to the subendocardium of the posterior wall (radioactive microspheres) increased from 0.17±0.05 to 0.45±0JO (ml/min)/g (p<0.05). It is concluded that in exercising dogs subjected to p-adrenergic blockade, significant postjunctional <x,-adrenergic receptor-mediated coronary vasoconstriction exists, even during severe ischemia. Regional a}-adrenergic receptor blockade can reduce regional ischemia and improve contractile function by attenuating exercise-induced sympathetic vasoconstriction in this conscious animal model. (Circulation Research 1988;62:436-442)